ACDF stands for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion. The full name of the procedure is even longer: “anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, rhizolysis, vertebral body fixation.” Now that is a mouthful!
Complicated names aside, it describes a cervical spinal fusion where the surgeon approaches the spine through the front of your neck (not the back).
There are complex factors dictating why I would recommend that you have a spinal fusion in the neck, and whether this should be performed through the front or back.
When I see you I will look at all these factors and determine the right treatment plan for you.
Yes. Modern technology and techniques have significantly improved ACDF surgery, reducing both the invasiveness of the procedure and the recovery times associated to it.
One of the main benefits of accessing the spine from the front of your neck is that it preserves the muscles, bones, and ligaments in the back. Other than a skin incision, no spinal tissues are disturbed, making ACDF one of the least invasive fusion surgeries.
Learn more about my less-is-more approach keyhole surgery here.
You will be under general anaesthetic during ACDF surgery. An incision is made in the front of the neck, which may seem concerning due to nearby structures, but the approach is actually safe. It’s actually very easy to get to the spine this way, as there is a natural tissue plane that passes between all these important structures and keeps them safely out of the way.
Once the spine is safely exposed, the damaged disc is removed and replaced with a spacer and screws to stabilise the spine. Learn more about the concept of spinal fusion here.
Together, we will review all the important factors, such as your symptoms, lifestyle, and goals, to determine the best approach for you. My focus will be on choosing the option that will help you achieve the best quality of life possible.
Yes, ACDF surgery is safe when performed by an experienced spine surgeon.
Modern technology has made ACDF a safe and effective operation. Engineers continue to enhance this technology for your benefit.
The risks I will discuss with you include:
These include blood clots, infections, and rare issues like skin injuries or heart problems, which are generally well-managed with modern anaesthetic care.
Infections are very rare due to modern practices including:
In rare cases, symptoms may persist even after surgery.
Rarely, the artificial disc may break, move, or fail, but modern engineering has greatly reduced this risk.
Fortunately very rare due to modern surgical techniques.
Rarely causes a problem.
Recovery times vary depending on health and the extent of surgery, with a typical hospital stay of 1-4 days.
Most ACDF patients are very happy with their results. The aim is to improve your quality of life, whether that’s being pain-free, returning to sport, back in the gym, or simply moving freely again.
There are 2 potential long-term side effects I discuss with all spinal fusion patients pre-surgery:
These are just general summaries of the risks. I can go into more detail and provide personalised advice taking into account your unique health profile during the consultation process.
Yes. ACDF is one of the most common spinal surgeries performed globally.
Check our spinal fusion page for a full description of the procedure. I will also describe it in detail for you when I see you.
You will be under general anaesthesia and positioned on your back. A small incision is made in the front of the neck, typically on the right side, and heals well. A natural tissue plane beneath the skin allows safe, easy access to the front of the spine, bypassing vital structures like the airway, carotid artery, and oesophagus.
Once the spine is exposed, the damaged disc is removed, freeing the nerve behind it. A spacer is placed in the empty disc space and secured with small screws.
You can always opt out of surgery. I will explain how this might affect your symptoms and quality of life so you can make an informed decision.
There are usually 2-3 alternatives, each with pros and cons. I will explain them during our consultation.
The anterior approach causes minimal pain since no muscles are cut. You may feel mild neck discomfort or swallowing difficulties for about a week (you’ll prefer soup over steak for a while).
The scar heals well and is often barely noticeable after a few months.
Yes, I will remove the stitches about a week after surgery.
I recommend at least 2 weeks off work to regain confidence and comfort.
Physiotherapy plays a vital role after surgery, helping to reduce muscle soreness and stiffness.
If you are in pain or your symptoms have been dragging on for a while, please contact my team and book an appointment with me. We will go over your case and help you to make an informed decision.
